Ancient Rome terms

republic- a form of gov. in which power rests with citizens who have the right to vote for their leaders
patrician- the wealthy landowners who held the most power
plebeians- the common farmers, artisans, merchants that made up most of the population
tribunes- protected the rights of the plebeians from unfair acts of patrician officials
consuls- the 2 officials that, like kings, commanded the army and directed the gov. (term was only one year)
senate- the aristocratic branch of Rome's gov. that had both legislative and administrative functions in the Republic
dictator- a leader who has absolute power to make laws and common the army
legions- units where Roman soldiers were organized in that were made up of 5,000 heavily armed foot soldiers
Punic Wars- 3 different wars fought by Rome and Carthage from 264 B.C. to 146 B.C.
Hannibal- a brilliant military strategist who wanted to avenge Carthage's defeat

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